Boros Minangkabau
Minangkabau (Minangkabau: Baso Minangkabau, Jawi script: بهاس منڠكربو; Indonesian: Bahasa Minangkabau) nopo nga Boros Austronesia i gunoon do tulun Minangkabau id Sumatera Kotonobon, boogian kotonobon do Riau, Kabupaten Kabaatan, boogian koibutan do Bengkulu om Jambi, om piipiro kakadayan pointongkopIndonesia do tulun Minangkabau i minundaliu. Boros nogi diti nga lingua franca poingompus koiyonon disan rahat kotonobon Sumatera Koibutan, om gunoon nogi id piipiro boogian hilo Aceh, id nombo lohowon o boros diti sabaagi Aneuk Jamee.
| Minangkabau | |
|---|---|
| Baso Minangkabau بهاس منڠكربو | |
| Sandad id | Indonesia (West Sumatra) |
| Rantau | West Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, Bengkulu, North Sumatra, Aceh (Indonesia) |
| Etnik | Minangkabau, Aneuk Jamee |
Momoboros sandad | 5.5 million (2007)[1] |
Rumpun do Austronesia
| |
| Dialek |
|
| Latin Minangkabau script | |
| Status nokoimagon | |
| Tinoina do | Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa |
| Kod boros | |
| ISO 639-2 | min |
| ISO 639-3 | min |
 Areas where Minangkabau is a majority
Areas where Minangkabau is a significant minority | |
Miagal-agal o boros Minangkabau om boros Malayu. Pionitan nopo koduo boros diti nga kiwaa mogikaakawo kouyuyuhon. Haro i kipomusarahan do Minangkabau nopo nga iso bontuk pogulu do boros Malayu, om haro nogi i kipomusarahan do misuai-suai o Minangkabau mantad tinimungan boros (Malayic).
Boros Minangkabau nopo nga iso mantad piipiro boros i okuri o bontuk boros maan om pisuayan puralan boros subjek-objek.
Sundung do oubas po o momogun Minangkabau momoguno boros Minangkabau, pondidikan i poimbida montok koubasanan dii id kakadayan nopo nga tumalup nodi gama ogumu kipomusarahan do au songkuro oponsol ii id Sumatera Kotonobon. Boros Minangkabau nopo nga sabaagi "au formal" id sorili kakadayan Padang, tu lobi posotolon pomogunaan do Boros Indonesia id institusi formal. Komulakan hilo id kakadayan insaru popilongot do boros Minang om slang Indonesia id suang pibarasan.
Kinotongkopon geografi
simbanaiBoros Minangkabau nopo nga boros sandad do momogun Minangkabau id Sumatera Kotonobon. Kiwaa kiikiro 5.5 riong moomomoguno boros diti. Gunoon nogi iti hilo boogian kotonobon Riau, Kabupaten Aceh Kabaatan, boogian koibutan do Bengkulu om Jambi.[2]Poingompus nopo do kinoyonon disan rahat kotonobon Sumatera Koibutan, oguno boros diti sabaagi lingua franca. Gunoon om ointutunan o boros diti sabaagi Aneuk Jamee id piipiro boogian hilo Aceh.
Dialek
simbanai- *V[hi]ŋ > V[hi]ăŋ
- *us > uĭh
- *at > eʔ
- *as > eh
- *is > ih
Fonologi
simbanaiInventori nopo tuni boros Minangkabau nga pinatayad id siriba:[3]
Konsonan
simbanai| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m ⟨m⟩ | n ⟨n⟩ | ɲ ⟨ny⟩ | ŋ ⟨ng⟩ | ||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p ⟨p⟩ | t ⟨t⟩ | tʃ ⟨c⟩ | k ⟨k⟩ | ʔ ⟨k⟩, ⟨ʼ⟩ |
| voiced | b ⟨b⟩ | d ⟨d⟩ | dʒ ⟨j⟩ | ɡ ⟨g⟩ | ||
| Fricative | s ⟨s⟩ | h ⟨h⟩ | ||||
| Lateral | l ⟨l⟩ | |||||
| Rhotic | r ⟨r⟩ | |||||
| Semivowel | w ⟨w⟩ | j ⟨y⟩ | ||||
Vowels
simbanai| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ⟨i⟩ | u ⟨u⟩ | |
| Mid | e ⟨e⟩ | o ⟨o⟩ | |
| Open | a ⟨a⟩ |
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| Close | iə̯⁓ie̯ ⟨ia⟩ | uə̯⁓uo̯ ⟨ua⟩, ui̯ ⟨ui⟩ |
| Mid | eə̯ ⟨ea⟩ | oə̯ ⟨oa⟩ |
| Open | ai̯ ⟨ai⟩, au̯ ⟨au⟩ | |
Poomitanan
simbanaiPanandatan
simbanai| English | Minangkabau | Indonesian |
|---|---|---|
| How are you now? | Baʼa kaba sanak kini? | Bagaimana kabar anda sekarang? |
| I'm well. How about you? | Lai elok-elok se nyo. Sanak baʼa? | Saya baik-baik saja. Anda bagaimana? |
| What is your name? | Sia namo sanak? | Siapa nama kamu? |
| My name is ... | Namo ambo ... | Nama saya ... |
| Thank you. | Tarimo kasih. | Terima kasih. |
| The trees in the jungle don't have the same height, moreover the people. (Proverb) | Sadang kayu di rimbo 'ndak samo tinggi, apo lai manusia. (Pribaso) | Sedangkan pohon di hutan tidak sama tinggi, apalagi manusia. (Peribahasa) |
| "As the frog swims, so he/she swims too." (He/she is doing something without having a goal.) | "Co a koncek baranang co itu inyo" baʼarti mangarajokan suatu tapi indak punyo tujuan. | "Bagaimana katak berenang seperti itulah dia" berarti mengerjakan sesuatu tanpa punya tujuan. |
| Don't throw the rubbish here! (Command) | Indak buliah mambuang sarok di siko! (Parintah) | Dilarang membuang sampah di sini! (Perintah) |
| Do not touch! You will burn your hand. | Ijan dipacik! Beko tangan angku tabaka. | Jangan disentuh! Nanti tanganmu terbakar. |
Numbur
simbanai| Numbur | Minangkabau | Indonesia | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cieʼ | satu | one |
| 2 | duo | dua | two |
| 3 | tigo | tiga | three |
| 4 | ampeʼ | empat | four |
| 5 | limo | lima | five |
| 6 | anam | enam | six |
| 7 | tujuah | tujuh | seven |
| 8 | lapan | (de)lapan | eight |
| 9 | sambilan | sembilan | nine |
| 10 | sapuluah | sepuluh | ten |
| 11 | sabaleh | sebelas | eleven |
| 15 | limo baleh | lima belas | fifteen |
| 50 | limo puluah | lima puluh | fifty |
| 100 | saratuih | seratus | one hundred/a hundred |
| 150 | saratuih limo puluah | seratus lima puluh | one hundred and fifty |
| 500 | limo ratuih | lima ratus | five hundred |
| #,000 | ribu | ribu | thousand |
| #,000,000 | juta | juta | million |
| #,000,000,000 | milliar | milliar | billion |
Sukuon
simbanaiNoputan labus
simbanaiTemplat:MinangkabauTemplat:Languages of Indonesia
- ↑ Minangkabau at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernamaKajian Serba Linguistik - ↑ Adelaar, K. Alexander (1992). Proto-Malayic: The Reconstruction of its Phonology and Parts of its Lexicon and Morphology. Pacific Linguistics, Series C, no. 119. Canberra: Dept. of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, the Australian National University.