Wikipedia

Pope Francis

Pope Francis (Latin: Franciscus; Italian: Francesco; Spanish: Francisco; nosusu sabaagi Jorge Mario Bergoglio;[lower-alpha 2] 17 Momuhau 1936) nopo nga luguan do Gereja Katolik om pomorinta do Pogun Kota Vatikan. Isio nopo nga paus koiso i nosiliu do surupu Society of Jesus (Jesuits), paus koiso mantad benua Amerika Hemisfera Kabaatan, om paus koiso i nosusu toi ko' pinagayo id labus Eropah mantad di kepausan Paus Syria Gregory III ontok abad ko-8.

Pope

Francis
Uskup Rom
Pope Francis ontok 2021
ChurchCatholic Church
Papacy began13 Gomot 2013
PredecessorBenedict XVI
Orders
Ordination13 Momuhau 1969
by Ramón José Castellano
Consecration27 Mahas 1992
by Antonio Quarracino
Created cardinal21 Mansak 2001
by John Paul II
Personal details
Born
Jorge Mario Bergoglio

(1936-12-17) 17 Momuhau 1936 (umul 87)
Buenos Aires, Argentina
NationalityArgentine (with Vatican citizenship)
DenominationCatholic
ResidenceDomus Sanctae Marthae
Previous post(s)
Education
MottoMiserando atque eligendo[lower-alpha 1]
SignatureFrancis's signature
Coat of armsFrancis's coat of arms
Ordination history
History
Priestly ordination
Ordained byRamón José Castellano
Date13 Momuhau 1969
Episcopal consecration
Principal consecratorAntonio Cardinal Quarracino
Co-consecratorsUbaldo Calabresi and Emilio Ogñénovich
Date27 Mahas 1992
PlaceBuenos Aires Metropolitan Cathedral Edit this on Wikidata, Buenos Aires Edit this on Wikidata
Cardinalate
Elevated byPope John Paul II
Date21 Mansak 2001
Episcopal succession
Bishops consecrated by Pope Francis as principal consecrator
Horacio Ernesto Benites Astoul1 Mikat 1999
Jorge Rubén Lugones30 Madas 1999
Jorge Eduardo Lozano25 Gomot 2000
Joaquín Mariano Sucunza21 Gumas 2000
José Antonio Gentico28 Ngiop 2001
Fernando Carlos Maletti18 Manom 2001
Andrés Stanovnik16 Momuhau 2001
Mario Aurelio Poli20 Ngiop 2002
Eduardo Horacio García16 Magus 2003
Adolfo Armando Uriona8 Mikat 2004
Eduardo Maria Taussig25 Manom 2004
Raúl Martín20 Mikat 2006
Hugo Manuel Salaberry Goyeneche21 Magus 2006
Óscar Vicente Ojea Quintana2 Manom 2006
Hugo Nicolás Barbaro4 JMadas 2008
Enrique Eguía Seguí11 Gumas 2008
Ariel Edgardo Torrado Mosconi13 Momuhau 2008
Luis Alberto Fernández Alara27 Gomot 2009
Vicente Bokalic Iglic29 Mikat 2010
Alfredo Horacio Zecca18 Magus 2011
Jean-Marie Antoine Joseph Speich24 Gumas 2013
Giampiero Gloder24 Gumas 2013
Fernando Vérgez Alzaga15 Milau 2013
Fabio Fabene30 Mikat 2014
Angelo De Donatis9 Milau 2015
Miguel Ángel Ayuso Guixot19 Gomot 2016
Peter Bryan Wells19 Gomot 2016
Waldemar Stanisław Sommertag19 Gomot 2018
Alfred Xuereb19 Gomot 2018
José Avelino Bettencourt19 Gomot 2018
Alberto Ricardo Lorenzelli Rossi22 Mahas 2019
Michael F. Czerny4 Gumas 2019
Paolo Borgia4 Gumas 2019
Antoine Camilleri4 Gumas 2019
Paolo Rudelli4 Gumas 2019
Guido Marini17 Gumas 2021
Andrés Gabriel Ferrada Moreira17 Gumas 2021

Nosusu id Buenos Aires, Argentina, kinumaraja i Bergoglio sabaagi tupas om mongingimuhau di omulok po pogulu minluda sabaagi puru kimia om kumaraja sabaagi juruteknik id iso makmal sains taakanon. Kalapas nolingos mantad toruol pneumonia i nadalaan om sista, nakaanu isio inspirasi montok mampayat do Jesuit ontok 1958. Ditahbis isio sabaagi paado Katolik ontok 1969, om mantad 1973 gisom 1979 nosiliu isio superior provinsional Jesuit id Argentina. Pinosiliu isio sabaagi uskup agung Buenos Aires ontok 1998 om pinoingkakat di Pope John Paul II sabaagi kardinal ontok 2001. Minomuru isio Gereja Argentina maso rusuhan ontok Momuhau 2001 id Argentina. Kotoinaan di Néstor Kirchner om Cristina Fernández de Kirchner mongintong disio sabaagi ponongkiala pulitik.

Kalapas nokoidu jawatan i Pope Benedict XVI ontok 28 mansak 2013, minomili iso konklaf kepausan di Bergoglio sabaagi ponowoli disio ontok 13 Gomot. Minomili isio Francis sabaagi ngaran paus dau montok kapamantangan di Santo Francis Assisi. Solinaid koposion awam dau, ointutunan i Paus Francis miampai kosiribaan ginawo dau, kapanatalan kumaa kosianan Kinorohingan, kointangan sompomogunan sabaagi paus, kopusahan kumaa tulun ongosusa, om komitmen montok dialog id pialatan ugama. Ointutunan nogi isido gama ponginsamakan dau di au songkuro formal kumaa kepausan, nung pibagalon miampai di nokopogulu dau, sabaagi poomitanan momili do mion id walai tumombului Domus Sanctae Marthae ko mion po id apartmen paus id Istana Apostolik i gunoon paus nokopogulu.[2]

Pinosiliu di Francis do puru poinggonop o tongoondu id suang dikasteri id Roman Curia.[3][4] Kipomusarahan isido do nuru daa o Gereja Katolik do lobi kikosianan kumaa puru komuniti LGBT, om minapatayad do sundung au pasagaon mamarakat pisasawaan miagal koulunan nga milo i barakatan sosongulun dii, kada po barakatan id suang konteks liturgi.[5] Francis nopo nga pengkritik kapitalisme aiso rontob, kopomogunoon, om kopotundaan nadalaan;[6] minomonsoi isio koimaan kumaa kosimbanon iklim sabaagi fokus toponsol do kepausan dau.[7] Miampai pointongkop nonuan rati sabaagi mengutuk ukum apatai sabaagi iso karaatan miampai intrinsik,[8] nonuan disio ii koulalaho sabaagi "palangan (serangan) kumaa kobituaho' om maruah sosongulun", "au milo torimoon", om berkomitmen montok pomunsaan ukum apatai do Gereja,[9] miampai minimboros do "aiso no ralan gumuli mantad posisi diti".[10]

Id suang diplomasi sompomogunan, mengkritik i Francis do kinoinggumuan right-wing populism, mongunsub do dek kriminalisasi homoseksual,[11] minonguhup minopotonduli piromutan diplomatik poinggonop do Amerika Syarikat om Cuba, minomorunding pibatasan miampai Vhina montok papatantu songkuro rahung Parti Komunis id suang pelantikan uskup id china, om monokodung pinggisaman songkosuaimaso krisis migran id Eropah om Amerika Tanga, mongunsub Pomogunan Kotonobon do popoingkawas taang imigrasi miampai signifikan.[12][13] Ontok 2022, minokiampun isio montok tonggungan Gereja id suang "genosid koubasanan" kumaa tulun sandad Kanada.[14] Ontok 4 Gumas 2023, minongimpuun i Francis do Sinod kokomoi Sinodaliti, i pinointalang sabaagi dimpak do kepausan disio om kinaantakan bobos oponsol id suang Gereja Katolik mantad di Konsili Vatikan Koduo.[4][15][16]

Toun-toun pogulu

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Jorge Mario Bergoglio (tanak kusai kaapat mantad gibang id suang baris kotolu mantad sawat) ontok di 12 toun, Salesian College (c. 1948–1949)

Nosusu i Pope Francis sabaagi Jorge Mario Bergoglio ontok 17 Momuhau 1936[17] id Flores,[18] iso kinoyonon sotimbangan (kejiranan) id Buenos Aires.[17] Isio nopo nga tanak totuo[19] mantad limo mogiobpinai Mario José Bergoglio (1908–1959) om Regina María Sívori (1911–1981). Mario Bergoglio nopo nga songulun akauntan imigran Itali[20] i nosusu id Portacomaro (Provinsi Asti) id wilayah Piedmont, Itali. Regina Sívori[21] nopo nga suri rumah i nosusu id Buenos Airesid suang paganakan mantad koibutan Itali (Piedmontese-Genoese).[22][23][24] Minogidu o paganakan di Mario José mantad Itali ontok 1929 montok mongilag kopomorintaan fasis di Benito Mussolini.[25] Tumanud di María Elena Bergoglio (nosusu 1948), songulun po tobpinai tondu di Francis i kakal po poimpasi, au yolo minundaliu gama do faktor ekonomi.[26] Koobpinayan nopo disio di suai nga i Oscar Adrián (1938–minidu pogun), Marta Regina (1940–2007), om Alberto Horacio (1942–2010).[27][28] Duo cucu saudara, i Antonio om Joseph, napatai id koligananan talun-alun.[29][30] Manangaman disio, Cristina Bergoglio, nopo nga songulun moomomolukis i poinlongkod id Madrid, Sepanyol.[31][32]

Ontok toun koonom (sixth grade), sinumikul i Bergoglio id Wilfrid Barón de los Santos Ángeles, iso sikul Salesians of Don Bosco, id Ramos Mejía, Provinsi Buenos Aires. Minongoput isio sinikulan id sikul pintangaan teknikal Escuela Técnica Industrial Nº 27 Hipólito Yrigoyen,[33] pinungaranan tumanud bagas presiden Argentina, om nakaawi ponginabasan miampai diploma juruteknik kimia.[17][34][35] Id suang kapasiti dii, kinumaraja isio piipiro toun id boogian taakanon id Makmal Hickethier-Bachmann,[36] id nombo kumaraja isio id siriba Esther Ballestrino. Pogulu dii, nokoumbal isio kumaraja sabaagi tupas om mongingimuhau.[37][38]

Ontok di 21 toun, kalapasa nakaanu toruol pneumonia i koligogon koposion om tolu cysts, nakawaya pamayayakan i Bergoglio montok mongidu sampapas topos dau.[33][39]

Jesuit (1958–2013)

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Nokoihum i Bergoglio do pamalahawan/panggilan dau sabaagi songulun paado maso id tindalanon montok mamaramai Tadau Musim Bunga. Minumbaya isio id iso gereja minongoi pangakun, om nakaanu inspirasi mantad paado di minapaakun dau.[40] Minsingilo i Bergoglio id seminari archdiocesan, Seminari Inmaculada Concepción, id Villa Devoto, Buenos Aires, om, kalapas tolu toun, sinumuang isio Society of Jesus sabaagi novis ontok 11 Gomot 1958.[41] Koumbal i Bergoglio minimboros do, sabaagi seminarian di omulok, nokoumbal isio nokouhang songulun tondu di norubaan om osigo' (ragu) oruhai montok popotilombus do karaja religus.[42] Sabaagi songulun novis Jesuit, minsingilo isio kokomoi koulunan (kemanusiaan) id Santiago, Chile.[43] kalapas novisiat dau id Society of Jesus, nosiliu i Bergoglio do Jesuit ontok 12 Gomot 1960, soira minopolombus isio batos pogulu om potindohoi kokomoi komosikinan, kobituahan om tumumboyo' sabaagi surupu ordo dii.[44][45]

Ontok toun 1960, nakaanu i Bergoglio lesen id suang falsafah mantad Colegio Máximo de San José id San Miguel, Provinsi Buenos Aires. Mongia' isio kesusasteraan om psikologi id Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepción, iso sikul pintangaan id Santa Fe, mantad 1964 gisom 1965. Ontok toun 1966, mongia' isio mato balajalan di miagal id Colegio del Salvador, Buenos Aires.[17][46]

Presbyterate (1969–1992)

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Ontok toun 1967, minongimpuun i Bergoglio do ponginabasan teologi id Facultades de Filosofía y Teología de San Miguel. Ontok 13 Momuhau 1969, pinosiliu (ditahbiskan) isio di Archbishop Ramón José Castellano sabaagi paado. Momuru isido sabaagi mongingia' novis montok wilayah dii om nosiliu profesor teologi.[47]

Minomongo i Bergoglio do taang kolimpupuson do pinludaan rohani dau sabaagi Jesuit, ii no tertianship, id Alcalá de Henares, Sepanyol, om minopolombus batos kotohurionon i nokoimagon sabaagi Jesuit, kohompit no batos kaapat kokomoi mumboyo do misi i pinatatap do paus, ontok 22 Ngiop 1973.[45] Pinosiliu isio sabaagi superior provinsial do Society of Jesus id Argentina ontok wulan Madas toun di miagal, montok timpu onom toun i olimpupusan ontok toun 1979.[17][48] Ontok 1973, au alaid kalapas nosiliu superior provinsial, minopoindalan isio ziarah kumaa Yerusalem nga oruhai isio nokoundorong gama Sangod Yom Kippur.[49] Kalapas nakaawi timpu momuru, ontok 1980 pinosiliu isio sabaagi rektor Fakulti Falsafah om Teologi San Migue, ii no sinikulan dau.[50] Pogulu minaganu tonggungan wagu diti, minagawi isio tolu tulan nokopogulu toun 1980 id Ireland montok minsingilo boros Inggeris, poingion id Jesuit Centre hilo Institut Teologi om Falsafah Milltown, Dublin.[51] Momuru isio id San Miguel solinaid onom toun gisom 1986[17] soira, tumanud pibarasan jeneral Jesuit i Peter Hans Kolvenbach, sinowolianan isio do songulun i lobi kopihuyud miampai trend global id suang Society of Jesus montok poposotol kosulimbangan sosial, mibagal di posotolon disio kumaa religiositi popular om karaja pastoral langsung.[52]

Nakaawi isio piipiro tulan hilo Sankt Georgen Graduate School of Philosophy and Theology id Frankfurt, Germany, momusorou topik dissertasi.[53] Minomonsoi isio kootuson do monoriuk karya teolog Jerman / Itali, Romano Guardini, loolobi ponoriukan dau kokomoi 'Kontras' i pinalabus id suang karya dau ontok toun 1925, Der Gegensatz. Ginumuli isio id Argentina lobi osopung montok momuru sabaagi papaakun douso om pengarah rohani kumaa komuniti Jesuit id Córdoba.[54] Notumbayaan do maso id Jerman, nokokito isio lukisan di Maria, Untier of Knots id Augsburg om minogowit kodolinan lukisan dii kumaa Argentina, nga id suang ponorubungan miampai majalah abal Jerman Die Zeit ontok 2017, minapatayad i Pope Francis do au isio insan nokoongoi hilo Augsburg.[55][lower-alpha 3] Sabaagi susumikul id sikul Salesian, tinapanai i Bergoglio do paado Katolik Yunani Ukraine, Stefan Czmil. Insaru i Bergoglio mosik piipiro jam lobi pogulu mantad koombolutan dau montok mamaramai Liturgi Ilahi montok Czmil.[58][59]

Ontok toun 1992, pinokianu do puru kikuasa i Bergoglio moi do au mion id walai Jesuit, gama pioduhan potilombus miampai momuruan om sarjana Jesuit, kopurimanan "gumaga'" Bergoglio, pomusarahan ortodok Katolik dau, om au isio osokodung do teologi obibas, om karaja dau sabaagi uskup mongunguhup Buenos Aires.[60][61][62] Sabaagi songulun uskup au no isio tertakluk kumaa superior Jesuit dau.[63] mantad dii, au nodi isio kumakap doid walai Jesuit om poinsuang di "poinsuai miampai maya mantad Jesuit" gisom nopili sabaagi paus.[52][60]

Pre-papal episcopate (1992–2013)

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Pinosiliu i sabaagi Uskup Mongunguhup Buenos Aires ontok toun 1992 om ditahbiskan ontok 27 Mahas 1992 sabaagi uskup tituler Auca,[17][64] miampai Kardinal Antonio Quarracino, uskup agung Buenos Aires, sabaagi perantara oponsol id suang pentahtiban.[65] Minomili isio motto episkopal dau Miserando atque eligendo.[66] Naanu o motto diti mantad kaajalan Santo Bede kokomoi Matius 9:9–13: "gama nokito dau isio maya mato kosianan om minomili dau".[67]

Ontok 3 Mahas 1997, pinosiliu i Bergoglio sabaagi uskup agung coadjutor Buenos Aires miampai hak montok monimban/monowoli. Soira minidu pogun i Quarracino ontok 28 Mansak 1998, nosiliu i Bergoglio do uskup agung metropolitan Buenos Aires. Id suang tonggungan dii, minonuridong i Bergoglio do paroki wagu om minongulud kawagu koupisan kotoinaan archdiocese, minomuru inisiatif pro-koposion, om minonuridong iso jawatankuasa kokomoi piadaan.[17][68] Iso nopo mantad inisiatif oponsol di Bergoglio sabaagi uskup agung nga popoinggumu gereja id kinoyonon setinggan hilo Buenos Aires. Id siriba kotoinaan dau, ginumu nopo paado i noonuan tonggungan kumaraja id kinoyonon setinggan nga nokoinggumu induo misaup (2 kali ganda).[69] Maya karaja diti, nakaanu isio pomolohou sabaagi "Slum Bishop".[70]

Ontok kotimpuunon disio sabaagi uskup agung Buenos Aires, pinoboli di Bergoglio o saham-saham archdiocese id piipiro bank om minongolon akaun-akaun dau sumiliu akaun pelanggan toomod id bank-bank sompomogunan. Gama do saham-saham id bank dii, noubas o gereja akawas o balanja om oruhai no muflis o archdiocese. Sabaagi pelanggan toomod, nasansagan o gereja tumanud disiplin kousinan di lobi ogirot.[71]

Ontok 6 Milau 1998, daamot poingigit jawatan sabaagi uskup agung Buenos Aires, pinosiliu isio sabaagi ordinari montok Katolik Kosilahon id Argentina i aiso prelatus mantad gereja iolo sondii.[65] Nokoboros i Uskup Agung Major Sviatoslav Shevchuk do karati i Bergoglio do liturgi, upacara, om spiritualiti Gereja Katolik Yunani Ukraine Shevchuk om insaru "monoina Gereja dahai id Argentina" sabaagi ordinari montok Katolik Kosilahon id timpu disio sabaagi uskup agung Buenos Aires.[59]

Ontok toun 2000, songulun no i Bergoglio do pegawai gereja i minibabas miampai Jerónimo Podestá, songulun bagas uskup i nagantung sabaagi paado kalapas ginumaga'diktator ketenteraan Revolusi Argentina ontok 1972. Minongumolig isio sawo di Podestá mantad palangan Vatikan kumaa pisasawaan diolo.[72][73][74] Kopihondot toun dii, minimboros i Bergoglio do nuru o Gereja Katolik Argentina "mamakai rasuk panasalan awam montok douso ngaawi di winonsoi maso toun-toun diktator" ontok 1970-an, maso Dirty War.[75]

Pinosiliu di Bergoglio o koubasanan disio mamaramai upacara Holy Thursday miampai mongoug gakod id kinoyonon miagal do panjara, lamin pongusapan, walai persaraan toi ko' kinoyonon setinggan.[76] Ontok 2007, duo tadau kalapas pinalabus di Benedict XVI o kooturan wagu montok momoguno bontuk liturgi pogulu Konsili Vatican Koduo, minapatatap i Kardinal Bergogliokinoyonon pointindohoi montok Misa mingguan id suang bontuk ogingo (luar biasa) do Roman Rite.[77] Poindalanon ii monikid minggu.[78]

Ontok 8 Milau 2005, nopili i Bergoglio sabaagi ponorikohon Persidangan Episkopal Argentina solinaid tolu toun (2005–08).[79] Nopili kawagu isio montok timpu tolu po kawagu toun ontok 11 Milau 2008.[80] Poinkakal isio sabaagi puru kotoinaan pointatap do komisi dii, ponorikohon jawatankuasa montok Universiti Katolik Kepausan Argentina, om puru takawas liturgi montok panamangan kuil obitua.[65] Maso momuruan do persidangan para uskup Katolik Argentina, minapalabus i Bergoglio pokiompunan kolektif tu au nakaanu gereja mongumolig tulun ginumuan mantad Junta maso Dirty War.[81] Soira di 75 toun dau ontok Momuhau 2011, minapaatod daa i Bergoglio do pangapalayan midu mantad jawatan sabaagi uskup agungs Buenos Aires kumaa Pope Benedict XVI miagal di pinokianu (syarat) do undang-undang kanon.[49] Gama do aiso uskup agung koadjutor disio, pointindohoi isio doid jawatan dii daamot magandad ponowoli i posilihon do Vatikan.[82]

Kaanangan suai

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Orohian i Paus Francis do mambasa buuk mantad monunuat nopili miagal do Friedrich Hölderlin, Jorge Luis Borges toi ko' Fyodor Dostoyevsky. Orohian isio mintong filim neorealism Itali, om orohian mongoi hilo opera.[83][84]

Orohian nogi isio buul sepak. Isio nopo nga puru aparagat do San Lorenzo de Almagro, ii no iso mantad tinimungan id suang liga Primera División.[85]

Nuut

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  1. ↑ Press reports have provided a variety of translations for the phrase. According to Vatican Radio: "Pope Francis has chosen the motto Miserando atque eligendo, meaning lowly but chosen; literally in Latin by having mercy, by choosing him. The motto is one Francis used as bishop. It is taken from the homilies of the Venerable Bede on Saint Matthew's Gospel relating to his vocation: 'Jesus saw the tax collector and by having mercy chose him as an apostle saying to him: Follow me.'"[1]
  2. ↑ Pronounced [ˈxoɾxe ˈmaɾjo βeɾˈɣoɣljo] in Spanish, and [berˈɡɔʎʎo] in Italian
  3. ↑ This devotion has since spread to Brazil; it "attracts people with small problems".[56] Bergoglio had an image of Mary Untier of Knots inscribed on a chalice he presented to Pope Benedict XVI in 2005.[57]

Sukuon

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  1. ↑ Scarisbrick, Veronica (18 Gomot 2013). "Pope Francis: "Miserando atque eligendo"..." Vatican Radio. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 5 Madas 2013. Linoyog ontok 19 Gomot 2013.
  2. ↑ "Pope Francis to live in Vatican guesthouse, not papal apartments | National Catholic Reporter". www.ncronline.org (id boros Inggilis). Linoyog ontok 11 Mahas 2024.
  3. ↑ Dallas, Kelsey (3 Gumas 2023). "The pope's latest comments on same-sex marriage, explained". Deseret News (id boros Inggilis). Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 7 Gumas 2023. Linoyog ontok 4 Gumas 2023.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Faiola, Andy; Boorstein, Michelle; Brady, Kate (2 Gumas 2023). "Amid liberal revolt, pope signals openness to blessings for gay couples". Washington Post (id boros Inggilis). Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 4 Gumas 2023. Linoyog ontok 7 Gumas 2023.
  5. ↑ Pullella, Philip (26 Milatok 2024). "Pope says LGBT blessings are for individuals, not approval of unions". Reuters. Linoyog ontok 28 Mikat 2024.
  6. ↑ Davies, Lizzy (15 Momuhau 2013). "Pope says he is not a Marxist, but defends criticism of capitalism". The Guardian. Rome, Italy. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 15 Momuhau 2013.
  7. ↑ Sherwood, Harriet (7 Manom 2021). "Christian leaders unite to issue stark warning over climate crisis". The Guardian (id boros Inggilis). Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 7 Manom 2021. Linoyog ontok 7 Manom 2021.
  8. ↑ Trabbic, Joseph G. (16 Magus 2018). "Capital punishment: Intrinsically evil or morally permissible?". Catholic World Report (id boros Inggeris AS). Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 23 Momuhau 2023. Linoyog ontok 4 Gumas 2023.
  9. ↑ "New revision of number 2267 of the Catechism of the Catholic Church on the death penalty – Rescriptum "ex Audentia SS.mi"". press.vatican.va. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 4 Gumas 2023. Linoyog ontok 1 Gumas 2023.
  10. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Pullella-2023
  11. ↑ "The AP Interview: Pope Francis: Homosexuality not a crime". AP News (id boros Inggilis). 25 Milatok 2023. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 25 Milatok 2023. Linoyog ontok 25 Milatok 2023.
  12. ↑ Rocca, Francis X. (22 Manom 2023). "Pope Francis Calls Protection of Migrants a Duty of Civilization". WSJ (id boros Inggeris AS). Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 30 Manom 2023. Linoyog ontok 4 Gumas 2023.
  13. ↑ Lauter, David; Bierman, Noah (18 Mansak 2016). "Trump and Pope Francis clash over immigration, another extraordinary campaign twist". Los Angeles Times. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 20 Mahas 2018. Linoyog ontok 20 Ngiop 2018.
  14. ↑ Horowitz, Jason (30 Madas 2022). "Francis Calls Abuse of Indigenous People in Canada a 'Genocide'". The New York Times (id boros Inggeris AS). ISSN 0362-4331. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 7 Milau 2023. Linoyog ontok 7 Gumas 2023.
  15. ↑ Horowitz, Jason; Povoledo, Elisabetta (2 Gumas 2023). "What Is a Synod in the Catholic Church? And Why Does This One Matter?". The New York Times (id boros Inggeris AS). ISSN 0362-4331. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 13 Milau 2023. Linoyog ontok 7 Gumas 2023.
  16. ↑ Horowitz, Jason (2 Gumas 2023). "Vatican Assembly Puts the Church's Most Sensitive Issues on the Table". The New York Times (id boros Inggeris AS). ISSN 0362-4331. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 7 Gumas 2023. Linoyog ontok 7 Gumas 2023.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 17.7 "Direttorju Ekklezjastiku 2016" (PDF) (id boros Malta and Inggilis). The Church in Malta. 30 Mahas 2016. pp. 1–2. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad (PDF) ontok 22 Milau 2016.
  18. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Remeseira
  19. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Garrido
  20. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama biografia
  21. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Sivori
  22. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama guardian
  23. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Donovan
  24. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Henderson
  25. ↑ Rosales & Olivera 2013, p. 5.
  26. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama fascism
  27. ↑ "Los Bergoglio, la familia más sorprendida" [The Bergoglio, the most surprised family]. La Nación (id boros Sepanyol). 14 Gomot 2013. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 10 Milatok 2016. Linoyog ontok 22 Ngiop 2015.
  28. ↑ Holanda, Helládio (24 Mikat 2019). People's Pope (id boros Portugis Eropah). Clube de Autores (managed). Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 10 Gomot 2024. Linoyog ontok 19 Gumas 2020.
  29. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Tribune
  30. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama nephews
  31. ↑ "La sobrina 'artista' del Papa presenta su obra en Madrid". El Mundo. 3 Gomot 2015. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 8 Gomot 2021. Linoyog ontok 20 Gomot 2020.
  32. ↑ "'Escribir con el pincel', el documental sobre la obra pictórica de Cristina Bergoglio, la sobrina del Papa Francisco". Se Estrena, Antena 3. 27 Mahas 2019. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 8 Gomot 2021. Linoyog ontok 20 Gomot 2020.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama techniciandegree
  34. ↑ "Does Pope Francis have a master's degree in chemistry?". National Catholic Reporter. 3 Mahas 2015. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 20 Gomot 2021. Linoyog ontok 25 Ngiop 2019.
  35. ↑ "Fact Check: False: Pope Francis Has a Master's Degree in Chemistry". Snopes.com. 4 Mahas 2015. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 28 Milatok 2022. Linoyog ontok 25 Ngiop 2019.
  36. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Clarin
  37. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama burke
  38. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Chua
  39. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama reuters
  40. ↑ Sergio Rubin; Francesca Ambrogetti, Pope Francis – Conversations with Jorge Bergoglio. pp. 45–46
  41. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama aicabio
  42. ↑ "Pope Francis Spoke of Being 'Dazzled' by Girl, Possible Change of Celibacy Rule". Balitang America. NBC News. 20 Gomot 2013. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 8 Gomot 2019.
  43. ↑ "En 1958, Bergoglio hizo su noviciado en Chile". La Segunda (id boros Sepanyol). 13 Gomot 2013. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 18 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 19 Gomot 2013.
  44. ↑ Lanser, p. 96
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 Rosales & Olivera, p. 42
  46. ↑ "Biography of the Holy Father Francis". The Holy See. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 15 Gomot 2021. Linoyog ontok 15 Mikat 2015.
  47. ↑ "Biografía: ¿Quién es Jorge Bergoglio?". Vatican. 13 Gomot 2013. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 14 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 8 Mikat 2015.
  48. ↑ "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church – Biographies – A". Florida International University. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 18 Gomot 2014. Linoyog ontok 19 Gomot 2013.
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 "Why Bergoglio travels so little". Vatican Insider. 29 Gomot 2014. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 6 Gumas 2014. Linoyog ontok 6 Mikat 2014.
  50. ↑ The Vatican Today, 13 March 2013, Biography: who is Jorge Mario Bergoglio? Archived 18 Gumas 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 6 April 2013
  51. ↑ The Irish Independent, 30 March 2013, [1] Archived 10 Milau 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 10 November 2013
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Austen Ivereigh, The Great Reformer: Francis and the Making of a Radical Pope, Henry Holt 2014
  53. ↑ "Neuigkeiten 14.03". Hochschule. Philosophisch-Theologische Hochschule Sankt Georgen. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 12 Ngiop 2013. Linoyog ontok 14 Gomot 2013. ...einige Monate in Sankt Georgen verbrachte, um sich mit einzelnen Professoren über ein Dissertationsprojekt zu beraten. Zu einem Abschluss in Sankt Georgen ist es nicht gekommen.
  54. ↑ "Biografía de Jorge Bergoglio" (id boros Sepanyol). El Litoral. 14 Gomot 2013. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 15 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 14 Gomot 2013.
  55. ↑ "Ich kenne auch die leeren Momente" Was bedeutet Glaube? Ein ZEIT-Gespräch mit Papst Franziskus". die Zeit. 6 Ngiop 2017. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 26 Madas 2017. Linoyog ontok 25 Ngiop 2020.
  56. ↑ Bellos, Alex (23 Momuhau 2001). "Virgin painting ties Brazilians in knots". The Guardian. London. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 25 Magus 2013. Linoyog ontok 14 Gomot 2013.
  57. ↑ Jiménez, Pablo (14 Gomot 2013). "The Pope's chalice: silver-made, austere and featuring Our Lady of Luján". Buenos Aires Herald. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 17 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 14 Gomot 2013.
  58. ↑ Paul Vallely, Pope Francis: Untying the Knots, Bloomsbury, 2013
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 Shkodziska, Oksana (13 Gomot 2013). "Patriarch Sviatoslav: Newly Elected Pope Knows Ukrainian Catholic Church, its Liturgy and Spirituality". Religious Information Service of Ukraine. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 17 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 15 Gomot 2013.
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 "To understand Pope Francis, look to the Jesuits". ncronline.org. 12 Gomot 2014. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 28 Magus 2016. Linoyog ontok 29 Gumas 2016.
  61. ↑ "Setting the Record Straight on Pope Francis: A Reply to Frank Brennan". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 7 Milatok 2015. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 24 Mikat 2015. Linoyog ontok 21 Madas 2015.
  62. ↑ Vallely, Paul (2013). Pope Francis: Untying the knots (id boros Inggilis). C Black. ISBN 978-1-4729-0372-3. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 10 Gomot 2024. Linoyog ontok 19 Gumas 2020.
  63. ↑ "Is Pope Francis still a Jesuit?". National Catholic Reporter (id boros Inggilis). 18 Gomot 2013. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 12 Milau 2020. Linoyog ontok 6 Manom 2020.
  64. ↑ The titular see of Auca, established in 1969, is seated at Villafranca Montes de Oca, Spain: Titular See of Auca, Spain Archived 22 Momuhau 2017 at the Wayback Machine.
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 65.2 "Bergoglio, Jorge Mario". Breve biografía de obispos (id boros Sepanyol). La Agencia Informativa Católica Argentina. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 12 Gomot 2016. Linoyog ontok 15 Gomot 2013.
  66. ↑ "Francis Toughened by Argentine Politics Ready for Papal Test". Bloomberg. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 16 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 15 Gomot 2013.
  67. ↑ Glatz, Carol (15 Gomot 2013). "Pope's episcopal motto comes from homily by English doctor of church". Catholic News Service. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 17 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 16 Gomot 2013.
  68. ↑ "Jesuit Argentine Cardinal Bergoglio elected pope, takes name Francis". jesuit.org. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 16 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 16 Gomot 2013.
  69. ↑ "Haley Cohen, "Slum Priest: Pope Francis' Early Year", The Atlantic, 20 March 2013". The Atlantic. 20 Gomot 2013. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 1 Madas 2013. Linoyog ontok 23 Mahas 2013.
  70. ↑ Puella, Phillip (9 Mikat 2014). "U.N. should encourage redistribution of wealth, pope says". Reuters. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 9 Milau 2014. Linoyog ontok 8 Milau 2014.
  71. ↑ Coday, Dennis (4 Ngiop 2013). "John Allen, "Former aide says Francis may close Vatican Bank"". National Catholic Reporter. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 10 Madas 2013. Linoyog ontok 23 Mahas 2013.
  72. ↑ Magister, Sandro (2 Momuhau 2002). "Jorge Mario Bergoglio, Profession: Servant of the Servants of God". L'espresso. Rome, Italy: Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 16 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 16 Gomot 2013.
  73. ↑ Hebblethwaite, Margaret (14 Gomot 2013). "The Pope Francis I know". The Guardian. London, England. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 26 Manom 2013. Linoyog ontok 16 Gomot 2013. Luro talked to me at length about her friend, of whom she has the highest opinion, and told me how she would write to him almost weekly, and he would always reply by ringing her up and having a short chat. When Podesta was dying, Bergoglio was the only Catholic cleric who went to visit him in hospital, and, when he died, the only one who showed public recognition of his great contribution to the Argentinian church.
  74. ↑ Calloni, Stella (13 Gomot 2013). "Acusado de tener vínculos con la dictadura; la derecha lo defiende". La Jornada (id boros Sepanyol). Mexico City, Mexico: Desarrollo de Medios S.A. de C.V. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 16 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 27 Gumas 2018.
  75. ↑ Magister, Sandro (2 Momuhau 2002). "Jorge Mario Bergoglio, Profession: Servant of the Servants of God". L'espresso. Rome, Italy: Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 16 Gomot 2013. Linoyog ontok 16 Gomot 2013.
  76. ↑ Pullella, Philip (21 Gomot 2013). "Pope to hold major Holy Week service in youth jail". Reuters. London. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 10 Milatok 2016. Linoyog ontok 22 Gomot 2013.
  77. ↑ Sergio Rubin, "Regresó la misa en latín, con mujeres cubiertas por mantillas". Clarin. (17 September 2007). Archived. Archived 25 Manom 2019 at the Wayback Machine.
  78. ↑ "El latín volvió a las misas" (id boros Sepanyol). Línea Capital. 17 Manom 2007. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 29 Gumas 2013. Linoyog ontok 14 Gomot 2013.
  79. ↑ "Elige Sus Nuevas Autoridades La Conferencia Episcopal". Mercedes Ya. 7 Milau 2005. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 29 Gumas 2013. Linoyog ontok 21 Gomot 2013.
  80. ↑ "El cardenal Bergoglio fue reelegido frente a la Conferencia Episcopal". DERF. 11 Milau 2008. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 22 Mikat 2013. Linoyog ontok 21 Gomot 2013.
  81. ↑ Speciale, Alessandro (15 Gomot 2013). "Vatican defends Pope Francis' actions during Argentina's 'Dirty War'". The Washington Post. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 17 Gomot 2015. Linoyog ontok 16 Gomot 2013.
  82. ↑ "Bergoglio presenta su renuncia como arzobispo de Buenos Aires, aunque seguirá en el cargo". Terra Noticias. 15 Momuhau 2011. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 1 Madas 2014. Linoyog ontok 22 Gomot 2013.
  83. ↑ Farago, Jason (19 Manom 2013). "What does Pope Francis's taste in art, music and film say about him?". The Guardian. Linoyog ontok 29 Ngiop 2016.
  84. ↑ Mobley, Mark (13 Gomot 2013). "Breaking: Pope Francis Loves Opera". Deceptive Cadence from NPR Classical. National Public Radio. Linoyog ontok 29 Ngiop 2016.
  85. ↑ Weiss, Jessica. "He Roots for ‘the Saints,’ on the Soccer Field and Off," New York Times. March 14, 2013; excerpt, "He is No. 88,235 on the club’s member list"; retrieved 2013-3-15.

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