Wikipedia

Layo

Layo (Jawi: ‏هليا‎‎; ngaran botani: Zingiber officinale Roscoe) nopo nga iso tanom inonggo rizom dau naanu om asaru gunoon sabaagi rampa pomoroso id suang onsokon om rusap koubasanan.[2] Notumbayaan do tanom dti nopo nga mantad Asia Tenggara Maritim[3] om pininggisaman do tulun Austronesia suai ko temu putih om lempoyang[4]sumusuhut nakasarabak kopomogunoon id India, China, Afrika Barat om Caribbean.Iti kaampai id suang paganakan Zingiberaceae, ii nogi kaampai kunit,[5] pelaga, om lengkuas. Tanom jahe nokategori sabagai tanom kultigen i au olias do masi tu natagakan do komiloon dau sumuni maya linsou miagal kogumuon kawo rampa suai om oubas sumuni maya reproduksi vegetatif momoguno gamut dau i koutuson mantad winonsoi pinili tulun .[4]

Layo
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Susumuni
(unranked):
Angiosperma
(unranked):
Monokot
(unranked):
Commelinids
Order:
Zingiberales
Family:
Zingiberaceae
Genus:
Zingiber
Species:
Z. officinale
Binomial name
Zingiber officinale

Pogun di ogumu poposoliwan layo nopo nga India, China, Nigeria, Australia om Thailand. Pananaman do layo id Malaysia oboros do kakal po pinggisaman songkuri-kuri sabagai tanom mintootoiso toi'ko pinotomo miampai tanom saka miagal ko, baranggi, puun gata om piasau sawit.

Layo nogi nointutunan sabaagi aliah, lia (Dayak), lahya (Komering) om lahia (Nias)[6][7] miagal nogi boros guas Proto-Austronesia *laqia.[8] Ngaran-ngaran suai sarantau Nusantara: jahe id suang boros Sunda, jae (Jawa), jhai (Madura), jae (Kangean), jahi (Lampung), sipodeh (Minangkabau)[6][7] om kinkh toi' ko khing-daen (Thailand).

Kopomogunoon dau sabaagi tulam nopo nga miampai momorisis di rizom omulok toi'ko piroloton miampai sambal balacan om akanon miampai takano..Opodos om lidas soira akanon. Kiwaa tolu kawo i asaru padagangaon id kadai, miagal ko:

  • Layo gajah/badak: i bobos alaku id taran sompomogunan. Kowoowoyoon dau nopo nga agayo olombon om roso dau au adalaan opodos. Tonsi rimpang dau kiwarana do osilou gisom opurak.
  • Layo osilou: i ogumu gunoon sabagai rampa onosokon. Roso om wongi dau atarom kopio. Ginayo do rimpang au adalaan agayo om okodo i kiwarana do osilou.
  • Layo taragang: kiharo tumau pati di ogumu om roso dau nopo nga i bobos topodos, gisom do apatong kopio montok kakamot guas do farmasi om jamu. Om gunoon nogi sabagai pengawet andang id industri takanon tu kowoowoyoon dau i antibakteria mongidu bakteria patogen om gunraag takanon.[9] Ginayo do rimpang dau bobos tokodo om kulit kiwarana do aragang om serat dau lobi agayo nung kabanding miampai layo di suai.

Etimologi

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Nontodon do boros Inggiris "ginger" nopo nga naanu mantad pintangaan abad ko-14, mantad do Inggiris Laid gingifer, i nokoimbulai mantad Medieval Latin gingiber, gingiber mantad do boros Greek ζιγγίβερις zingiberis[10] mantad do Prakrit (Taatanga Indic) siṅgabera, om siṅgabera mantad do Sanskrit śṛṅgavera. Hogot Sanskrit nopo nga noroitan do nokorikot mantad boros Dravidian nokodori i pinopoimbulai nogi do boros Tamil[11] om istilah Malayalam iñci-vēr (mantad vēr, "gamut");[12][13] i ralan alternatif montok popotolinahas do boros Sanskrit nopo nga naanu mantad do srngam, i kirati do "sungu", om vera, i kirati do "tinan" (popotolinahas do bontuk gamut), nga iri nopo nga etimologi tulun ginumuan no kanto.[13] Haro komungkinan do boros dii nopo nga naanu kawagu id suang do Inggiris Pintangaan mantad do boros Perancis Laid gingibre (Perancis Nokoburu gingembre).[12]

Nontodon om kinaraladon

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Tusak do layo
 
Tusak do layo

Layo nopo nga mantad do Maritim Asia Kabaatan Kotonobon. Layo nopo nga kultigen di pointopot om au haro id kinoyonon olias.[14][15] Bukti i bobos nokodori kokomoi kinoinggumuon nopo nga maya do tulun Austronesia hinonggo haro piipiro kawo miagal do layo i tonomon no noeksploitasi mantad po di timpu purba. Mananom yolo do layo suai om kohompit no do kunyit (Curcuma longa), kunyit topurak (Curcuma zedoaria), om layo topoit (Zingiber zerumbet). Rimpang om roun dau nopo nga gunoon montok popowongi do taakanon toi ko' akanon toomod. Roun dau nogi nga milo siliuhon do galam. Suai ko; iri, haro nogi kapansalan do layo diti id suang do kotumbayaan montok tulun Austronesia, gunoon id suang do ababayan montok momolingos om montok mokianu koumoligan mantad kuasa tangaraat. Gunoon nogi o layo diti montok manahak barakat do kapal Austronesia.[16][17][18][19][20][21]

Noigitan o layo diti maya kapal diolo sabaagi susumuni padau maamaso do ponginlaaban Austronesia, nokotimpuun lobi kuang 5,000 Sobolum Masihi. Pinointutun diolo o layo diti kumaa Pulou Pasifik id suang do pra-sajara, alaid sobolum haro piromutan miampai tamadon suai. Refleks boros Proto Malayo-Polinesia laqia norubaan id boros Austronesia poingompus ralan kumaa Hawaii.[22][18] Haro nogi komungkinan do pinointutun o layo diti kumaa India miampai susumuni taakanon Asia Kabaatan Kotonobon suai om teknologi lulumoyog do Austronesia, maamaso piromutan pogulu do polayar Austronesia miampai Dravidian i momoguno do boros Sri Lanka om India Kabaatan id pialatan do 3,500 sobolum masihi. [16][20][23] Noowit nogi iti maya do polayar Austronesia kinumaa do Madagascar om Comoros maamaso alaf kumoiso Sobolum Masihi.[24]

Mantad India, noowit iti do dudumagang kumaa Kosilahon Taatanga om Mediteranian id pialatan do abad ko-1 Sobolum Masihi. Tinanom iti, lobi-lobi po id Kabaatan India om Kopulawan Sunda Tagayo maamaso do pamadagangan rompah ratus, miampai do lado, cengkih, om ogumu po rompah ratus suai. [15][25]

Kowoowoyoon botani

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Herba asadang o ginayo kinawa 60 gisom 125 sentimeter.

  • Guas: Guas aiso kayu, poturidong sumuni, berumpun, rizom dau rumolot do sumuni id tana di agayo, tonsi dau osilou o warana, kulit kiwarana do sokulit au atarang, sobul kawagu dau kiwarana do aragang.
  • Roun: Roun nopo nga ahandui om dompok otutus, kiwarana do otomou otu'o, disan alamou, rawo do roun sumoliwan mantad rizom.
  • Wusak: Wusak majmuk, au kopio agayo, osilou-silou od opurak, jambak wusak tandaha om tondu sumoliwan mantad pialatan kelopak roun.

Khasiat

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Rizom layo kiharo waig, karbohidrat, serat, kalium, fosforus, kalsium, tenaga, protein, gentian, niasin, asid amino, gingerols, oleoresin, pati minyak, vitamin A, B dan C, lemak, asid organik, tumau sumarabak miagal zingeron, zinzerol, zingeberal, zingiberin, borneol, seniol om feladren.[minog tuwod]

Oboros do kaanu iti mongubat toruol ogumu angin id suang tinan, toruol tulu, sistom pencernaan au osonong, toruol tundu-undu, mingiilob, goripitan, disentri, asma, oruol tian, reumatisme, koluyungon raha i au osonong, mati pucuk, lomog kinoris batin, nawanit do gipan, osgitan tinan, oruol tawak, tuat saraf i lomog, auk sasakayon, kukul arasak, odoron, mongidu waig kilendir, om raha bandat outong hamis.[minog towud]

Guno

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Id suang nansakan

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Layo gunoon sabagai rampa pomoroso id suang onsokon id bontuk layo ahata om layo okoring. Layo nogi milo wonsoyon sabagai mumuk layo, halwa layo, bosou layo om kakamot pomoroso do mogisuusuai taakanon. Koubasan, rizom layo ridison om obugon id suang waig talasu, toi'ko pisompuron miampai waig i pinogolok miampai roun teh montok momonsoi teh layo.

Pongusapan

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Id suang pongusapan, koubasan, layo nopo nga onuon id suang bontuk tiinumon layo (id pomitanan nopo nga teh layo toi'ko waig mantad layo tinanok), layo okoring toi''ko pati layo. Layo oboros do kaanu monguhup mongoondom do takanon, papagaras kinoris batin, moinginggumu gamau om mangidu tayub i haro id suang do tinai tokoro om tinai agayo. Rusap-rusap mantad halia nogi nga boroson do kaanu monginsonong piipiro toruol miagal ko oingalahan, kukulan, migrain, oruol nipon, oruol tulang, sengugut om apakaot kangkab. Layo nogi kikowoowoyoon do karminatif om kapatai kuman nung onuon sabagai rusap. Ponoriukan i winonsoyo do ponoriuk Universiti Michigan i pinosoliwan id American Association of Cancer Research popokito do layo kaanu mamatai sel kanser..

Guno suai

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Layo milo wonsoyon montok poposoliwan tumau om aasil ekstrak. Kakamot aktif id suang ekstrak layo nopo nga gingerols om oleoresin. Tumau layo milo wonsoyon do kakamot pomoroso tinumon tua'ua, konfeksionari, kosmetik om rusap.

Galeri

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Sukuon

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  1. ↑ "Zingiber officinale". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Linoyog ontok 10 Disember 2017.
  2. ↑ "Ginger, NCCIH Herbs at a Glance". US NCCIH. 1 September 2016. Linoyog ontok 2 February 2019.
  3. ↑ Ravindran, P.N (2004). "Introduction". In Ravindran, P.N; Babu, K.Nirmal (eds.). Ginger The Genus Zingiber. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 7. ISBN 9781420023367.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Dalby, Andrew (2000). Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices (id boros Inggilis). Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-520-23674-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ↑ "Curcuma longa L." Plants of the World Online, Kew Science, Kew Gardens, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England. 2018. Linoyog ontok 26 March 2018.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Bermawie, Nurliani; Purwiiyanti, Susi (2011). "Botani, sistematika dan keragaman kultivar jahe". In Supriadi; Yusron, M; Dono, Wahyuno; Miftahudin; Eflana (eds.). JAHE (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) (PDF). Bogor: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. p. 1. ISBN 978-979-548-031-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Crawfurd, John (2017). Sejarah Kepulauan Nusantara: Kajian Budaya, Agama, Politik, Hukum dan Ekonomi. Vol. 1. Translated by Zara, Muhammad Yuanda. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Ombak. p. 366. ISBN 9786022584698.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ↑ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010). "*laqia: ginger". Austronesian Comparative Dictionary. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Linoyog ontok 23 November 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ↑ Rialita, Tita; Rahayu, Winiati Pudji; Nuraida, Lilis; Nuratama, Budi (2015). "Aktivitas Antimikroba Minyak Esensial Jahe Merah dan Lengkuas Merah terhadap Bakteri Patogen dan Perusak Pangan". Agritech. 35 (1): 43–52.
  10. ↑ ζιγγίβερις. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project.
  11. ↑ Das, Abhaya Prasad (2002). Perspectives of Plant Biodiversity: Proceedings of National Seminar on Plant Biodiversity – Systematics, Conservation and Ethnobotany, Department of Botany, North Bengal University, November 9-11, 2000 (id boros Inggilis). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh. p. 292. ISBN 978-81-211-0298-8.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Caldwell, Robert (1 January 1998). A Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian Or South-Indian Family of Languages (3rd ed.). New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0117-8.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Harper, Douglas. "ginger". Online Etymology Dictionary.
  14. ↑ Ravindran, P.N.; Nirmal Babu, K. (2016). Ginger: The Genus Zingiber. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-4200-2336-7.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Singh, Ram J. (2011). Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement. Medicinal Plants. Vol. 6. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 398. ISBN 978-1-4200-7386-7.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Viestad, Andreas (2007). Where Flavor Was Born: Recipes and Culinary Travels Along the Indian Ocean Spice Route. San Francisco: Chronicle Books. p. 89. ISBN 978-0-8118-4965-4.
  17. ↑ Ross, Malcolm (2008). "Other cultivated plants". In Ross, Malcolm; Pawley, Andrew; Osmond, Meredith (eds.). The lexicon of Proto Oceanic: The culture and environment of ancestral Oceanic society. Vol. 3. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 389–426. ISBN 978-0-85883-589-4.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Robert B, Trussel S (2013). "The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary: A Work in Progress". Ocean. Linguist. 52 (2): 493–523. doi:10.1353/ol.2013.0016. ISSN 0029-8115. S2CID 146739541.
  19. ↑ Zanariah U, Nordin NI, Subramaniam T (2015). "Ginger Species and Their Traditional Uses in Modern Applications". Journal of Industrial Technology. 23 (1): 59–70. doi:10.21908/jit.2015.4 (inactive 2 November 2024).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of Milau 2024 (link)
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Dalby, Andrew (2002). Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23674-5.
  21. ↑ Kikusawa, Ritsuko; Reid, Lawrence A. (2007). "Proto who used turmeric, and how?" (PDF). In Siegel, Jeff; Lynch, John Dominic; Eades, Diana (eds.). Language Description, History and Development: Linguistic indulgence in memory of Terry Crowley. John Benjamins Publishing Co. pp. 339–352. ISBN 978-90-272-9294-0. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad (PDF) ontok 25 November 2021. Linoyog ontok 23 January 2019.
  22. ↑ Blust, Robert (1984). "The Austronesian Homeland: A Linguistic Perspective". Asian Perspectives. University of Hawai'i Press. 26 (1): 61. JSTOR 42928105.
  23. ↑ Mahdi, Waruno (1999). "The Dispersal of Austronesian boat forms in the Indian Ocean". In Blench, Roger; Spriggs, Matthew (eds.). Archaeology and Language III: Artefacts languages, and texts. One World Archaeology. Vol. 34. London: Routledge. pp. 144–179. ISBN 978-0-415-51870-3.
  24. ↑ Beaujard P (2011). "The first migrants to Madagascar and their introduction of plants: linguistic and ethnological evidence" (PDF). Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa. 46 (2): 169–189. doi:10.1080/0067270X.2011.580142. S2CID 55763047.
  25. ↑ Doran, Charles F.; Dixon, Chris (1991). South East Asia in the World-Economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-31237-0.

Intangan nogi

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Tuwad soliwan

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